Gawkowski explains that four of the five platforms of the Treblinka station existed at the time, and that trains destined for the camp would stop at all but the main platform before arriving at the camp, because the platform at the camp itself could only accommodate 20 train cars at a time. Murmelstein details how hard it was for Jews to pay all the fees and taxes they needed to pay in order to emigrate and says that this lead to the founding of the Zentralstelle. Suchomel describes "the tube" in which 100 men or women were sent to the gas chambers at a time. He describes his arrival in Theresienstadt in some detail, and the awkwardness between him and Edelstein and Eppstein, with whom he had previous conflicts. Vrba was "picked up" by the resistance about five months after he arrived in Auschwitz. Glimpses of travelers' feet. He says that the infirmary was undoubtedly located so close to the arrival ramp so that the weak and the ill could be easily sent there for execution. This did not make sense to Kovner, he remembered reading "Mein Kampf" and understanding that this was Hitler's plan unfolding in front of their eyes. Mrs. Gawkowski also trafficked goods on the Russian/German border. Vrba takes strong exception to this, calling it a whitewash. The minibus is parked on Eugen-Langen Str. He says the Dutch Jews were very assimilated and felt that it couldn't happen to them. Joel Brand thought the Haganah in Istanbul was much more powerful than they actually were, it was difficult to explain to him that they did not have the resources or money or support to accomplish such an operation. Financial District straight ahead. Eventually Tamir became more aggressive in his demands for information and Weissmandel began to open up, although he refused outright to go to Jerusalem. The guide explains the main functions of the departments they pass: the Public Education and Information Department, the Foreign Affairs Department, the Domestic Affairs Department and the Library. As a member of a Sonderkommando unit in Auschwitz Filip Müller worked in the crematorium. Barmore asks the students if they find kinship towards Holocaust survivors, and if they consider themselves survivors as well. They hesitated when it came to making any deals with the Germans for the trading of goods for Jewish lives because they did not want the Soviets to feel as though they were being undermined. Lanzmann also asks about the situation with women, particularly the rumored orgy organized by Bothmann. There are pieces of paper laid out on the table. Panning shots around Marton's living room, including books and art. To him, it sounded like "one great common scream," instead of many voices. Lanzmann asks what they imagined when they heard about the destruction of the Jews. He says he remembered Mengele having a good relationship with the Roma and with the Jewish camp doctor and he found the later allegations against Mengele incomprehensible. when they saw the showers in Theresienstadt. Her mother couldn't reach her father and letters were undeliverable. He says that the members of the Sonderkommando slept in the crematoriums. Comments are not translated into French because they are talking over each other. Grassler asks Lanzmann if Czerniakow announced his intention to commit suicide in the diary. Crew member boom mic. As the remaining Jews escaped through the manhole, Germans had arrived and killed them. Lanzmann asks Gawkowski to point out which tracks existed during the occupation and which have been built since. Arnon says that the Germans forced the Jewish Council to break a strike that was instigated by the general population in protest of the razzia against the Jews. (01:10:22) After her factory job, she was given a job in the women's police force organized by Rumkowski. She traveled by boat and was on a train for 22 days. Lanzmann wants to know how the Jews could be aware of Treblinka and not himself. Market. Retirages de Shoah (43:16) [Tu ne commetras pas de crime Boite G. Łódź] Once her baby girl is born he orders that her breasts be bound to prevent her from breastfeeding, so that he can see how long a baby can live without food. Windshield wipers; Lanzmann comments on the beautiful scenery. "After all, the hope was, with orderly conduct..." But in the end, there was no choice. Gewecke insists that his objection to the destruction of the Jews was based not just on their usefulness as workers but also on humanitarian grounds. Mute CU of flag pole with Star of David on top. Lanzmann interrupts and the reel ends. Grassler says he wasn't, and in fact he often read books by Jewish authors. After the chaos and the violence of her arrival at Sobibor, the camp gave the impression of a summer resort. Lanzmann asks whether the Hofjuden were privileged and Glazar says that they were privileged in the first period of the camp, because they did not have to do the worst work. He says that foreign Jews arrived in Pullmans with playing cards and flowers, guarded by Police and not Gestapo men. In his opinion many Jews were too accustomed to conformity and to following those who had a high social or religious status. FILM ID 4603 -- Lettre Just, 2 versions (more than two versions read by Lanzmann, 19 minutes), Location filming of Treblinka camp and Malkinia train station for SHOAH. 23 Lipca 1942 R. [President of the Warsaw Ghetto, died on July 23, 1942.] After this, each person was responsible for cutting the chains of the person behind them. Interview with two men in the forest near Chelmno. Hilberg discusses the administrative problems and compromises made between the Army and the Reichsbahn regarding the funding of the mass deportations. He wanted to leave last so that he could throw a rock into the mine field, killing all the guards, bunker and destroying the site, but as he knew the geography of the area he was assigned to go in the first group. Tamir says that of course Weissmandel believed in using money to save Jews, and that he himself does not believe that one can sit safely in the present moment and judge those who were operating in "the depths of hell", but that in the wide spectrum of behavior between the resistance movements and full-fledged collaboration, Kasztner crossed the line. They drove the vans slowly, at a calculated speed, so that the people inside would die before the van reached the forest. Avriel disagrees that this was Gruenbaum's actual mindset and argues that even if it was it did not matter because he had no authority over the people. All three had to state their names repeatedly, as for instance, "I am the Jew, Hermann Israel Kempinsky", then were mocked and insulted by the police sergeant. Inge went to a regular German high school. FILM ID 3354 -- Camera Rolls #7,9 -- 03:00:00 to 03:24:00 (there is no CR 8) Pictet has several receipts of aid he kept from the war, including one from the Royal Family of Belgium. They sing several songs, including at least one brought to Kaiserwald by the Vilna Jews when they arrived in September 1943. The technicians watch the image, listen to the sound, and make adjustments. He met with the Archbishop of Canterbury several times and tried to convince him to use his contacts with the Canadian government to allow Jews to emigrate there. Second Farmer and others told them to run away because they were on their way to death. FILM ID 3812 -- Camera Rolls #TR 89-97 -- Paysan dans son champ (doubles) (Iladou) 01:11:37 Podchlebnik was married with two children; he was 30 when the Germans invaded. 01:16:15 CR71 Lanzmann and McClelland discuss the use of money by the WRB in the effort to rescue Jews. Picture cuts out at 01:12:54. She felt there would be retaliation for the exterminations. Lichtman says no, only the Ukrainians told them that they would no longer need their possessions. He says that while the camps had become extermination camps, they were simply for political prisoners before the war, and even the French ran a similar camp at the base of the Pyrenees. Roll 5 Citizens of the town of Auschwitz knew what was occurring in the nearby camps. 0000001208 00000 n In Bratislava he eventually became a part of the Judenrat. CU, children sharing an umbrella. Men stand under tree outside of the church in Wlodowa. CU of the sun on the water. Looking out at the sea, the group of men sway as they sing. Murmelstein says that things were much worse for the Jews of Vienna than for German Jews, and that Goering had made statements that 300,000 Jews should be deported from Vienna within two years, despite the fact that there were never that many Jews in Vienna. Camera pulls back and shows Brooklyn Bridge looking towards Midtown Manhattan, then pan from north to south. Lanzmann says further that Zionists saw themselves as the redeemers of the Jews, and so it would be natural to want to save those who could redeem. Lanzmann and Broad discuss the layout of the different crematoria. 07:11:56 Steiner says that Weissmandel thought that money would come pouring in to help save the Jews, once it became known what the deportations really meant. Gewecke says that the Einsatzgruppen had already moved through by the time he arrived in Siauliai. A horse-drawn cart rolls down the road toward the camera. The underground steps lead to the ruins of a large underground room and leads to a crumbling set of ruins. Cleanliness was a big issue. hanging on the wall, and photographs of Weissmandel and Forst (?) (14:01) Palace of Nations. A younger man reads the letter. He says that the Party platform called quite clearly for the exclusion of the Jews from the economy, politics and culture and that at the time in Germany many positions in these areas were held by Jews, because they were so clever and competent. CR13 Bauer is speaking but the sound is missing and the roll has not been located in the archive. If they did use them, the prisoners were beaten. 01:00:28 CR78 The camera focuses on Lanzmann and records his expressions and reactions during a portion of the interview. Steiner joined the partisan assisting in the smuggling of weapons into the camps. CU, blue eyes of one of the Polish boys. Lanzmann asks why he is always smiling, he answers "what do you want him to do, cry?" Lanzmann and Vrba discuss the arrival of the Greek Jews, and how different they looked and spoke (most spoke Ladino) [CLIP 2 ENDS]. Lanzmann asks Müller about the Kapos who worked in the Sonderkommando. The ghetto lasted two years, and was totally closed. Critics call it “a sheer masterpiece” and a “monument against forgetting.”. Everyone knew the Jews were being exterminated and Michelsohn says that the Poles were glad about it. “A strong programme for a strong debut,” as one critic summed up the evening. 05:34:18 Lanzmann can't believe that he doesn't remember anything and Grassler says he has repressed these memories because it was an awful time. He does ask about his only negative comment, that of overcrowding, even though just before his arrival, 5000 people were deported and immediately gassed to create more space. The much applauded concert in this recording includes works by Ludwig van Beethoven, Franz Schubert and Bernd Alois Zimmermann. A plane came twice a week to deliver goods to the Ukrainians working at the camp. (10:01) Cemetery with graves with Hebrew writing. They would only accept unconditional surrender and would make no deals, which he realizes now might have prolonged the war and caused the loss of many lives. One of the people that the President recommended was Justice Felix Frankfurter of the Supreme Court, who came to see Karski in the Polish embassy. They discuss the nature of Zionism at the time and its relationship with the WJC. FILM ID 3173 -- Camera Rolls #55-56 -- 16:00:04 to 16:22:30 Some men refused to be part of the Jewish Council, arguing that it was a mistake to be pushed out of the Dutch community, but most people thought the Council was a good idea. He mentions his dealings with Wisliceny and efforts which resulted in the delay of transports. (3:38) On the side of the bus is “United Talmudical Academy D’Satmar.” Several shops, one of which says “Kosher Bakery.” Young men in yarmulkes and suits stand around and talk. In the new gas chamber perhaps 200 could fit in at a time and 3,000 people could be "done" in two hours. This reel was probably filmed in Germany to correspond to the interview with Stier, RG-60.5064, Dov Shilanksy (1924-2010) was born in Siauliai, Lithuania. Broad doubts that his aunt had anything to do with sending him to work at Auschwitz. The next photograph shows members of the Judenrat, including Dr. Elkes. CU of Lily Strauss. FILM ID 4725 -- Jerusalem Cimetiere 1-7. He continued this work once he reached Palestine in 1939. Mrs. Oppenheimer confirms what her husband said about East Jews. There was a ghetto in Grabow, even though it is a small town. Lanzmann, Piwonski, and Barbara are back in front of the blue building with a sign reading "Sobibor" above the door, assumedly a train station. She had before flirted with a young man on her daily train commute, but when he first saw her with the star, he looked at her with sympathetic eyes and she never saw him again. He also says that the Jewish mistakes pale in comparison to the mistakes made by those in the rest of the world. End title, “Holocauste”. He expresses shock at the behavior of the German Jews and their illusions of survival. (11.24) A large memorial stands. Barn. It was a sound that he says nobody can forget. CR4 Germany filmed from the rear window of a moving vehicle. The Committee decided that Joel should travel to Istanbul, as suggested by Eichmann. He mentions the Bermuda Conference (April 1943). Shots of the technicians in the van. Brand says that Kasztner would not have been human otherwise. One swings back and forth on the sliding door rail. She received a card from her father saying that her mother had been shot before his eyes. The room with the blue 13 on the doorway. (6:42) Signs on the bookshelves in Hebrew. They wanted to believe that he, who had seen them at their worst, was dead. The church surrounded by trees and the surrounding landscape. This angered Eppstein. 04:24:28 Lanzmann thanks Borowi and offers to pay him for his interview. Michelsohn again speaks of the primitive circumstances, no running water or bathrooms, little soap, etc. Militarily it would have been very difficult and with the tracks could easily be rebuilt. Mr. Ziering was also deported at that time. Heinz Schubert (Actor), Peter Kern (Actor), Hans-Jürgen Syberberg (Director, Writer) & Rated: NR. 481 - 482 of the English translation of his memoir The Patagonian Hare.) Motke Zaidel and Itzak Dugin are survivors of Vilna. Lanzmann remains off camera as he interviews Kovner. In this interview with Claude Lanzmann for SHOAH, Hilberg discusses several aspects of his research, including the culpability of the German railways in the deportation process of European Jews, as well as the significant roles Adam Czerniakow and Rudolf Kasztner played in the genocide of the European Jews. He explores his personal relationship with the American Society of Friends, a Quaker organization that some members of his family had membership in and that supported him in his travels. It wasn't until later that one heard the screams of horror, followed by the silence and the sound of the diesel motor. A horse and cart roll past a modest home. Pankiewicz says that Plac Zgody was the main deportation point and that he saw many terrible things from the window of his pharmacy. 00:07:32 Boat moves closer to land, people walk and ride their bikes along the cliffs. He describes the transports and the experience of living in the shadow of the camp. Weissmandel was enraged with those who did not do more to help the Jews, including Landau, whom he physically attacked when they met. He says that the relations between the Poles and the Jews were much worse than the relations between the Germans and the Jews. FILM ID 3365 -- Camera Rolls #14-16 -- 04:00:00 to 04:22:25 The people of Vilna would wake up every day not knowing what agony to expect. 6:47 CUs of Lanzmann in the forest sitting on a tree stump. The members of the Judenrat were the last to arrive in the ghetto; they arrived on May 15. He talks about the differences between how religious and non-religious Jews viewed the Holocaust and states, "The religious Jew doesn't question God, he questions man." FILM ID 3361 -- Camera Rolls #11-14 -- 05:00:00 to 05:25:34 Laurent Gamelon; Guy Hamilton; Marc Andreoni; John Abineri; Roland Blanche; David Glover; Albert Dupontel; Ha Every one of Schubert’s perfectly crafted notes, chords, and changes shines distinctly through the entire sonata. Roll 49 (8.55) A telegram of the secret police, written on April 9, 1944 and received April 11, 1944. Chickens. Rudolf Vrba was a Slovakian Jew who escaped from Auschwitz in April 1944 in hopes of warning the world about the imminent destruction of the Hungarian Jews and inciting the Jews to revolt. Lanzmann asks him about the enterprise of cleaning up the city (Verschoenerung). Shots of people walking through the construction site. Everyone was present for the roll call, a fact Zaidel claims he is still stunned by. He then says that most guards were Polish, and the Jews spoke Polish, and sometimes there weren't even guards to keep them in. Podchlebnik worked in a restaurant owned by a Polish friend of his. FILM ID 3432 -- Camera Rolls #63-68 -- 01:00:30 to 01:28:35 He fled to Grabuch and met with some of his wife's family. Lanzmann tells Zuckerman that he is doing similarly by simplifying the events of the Holocaust for the sake of the film. Woman with young boy. 00:08:24 COR 52 A woman sews and a man weighs the product. However, it turned out to be ten resistance fighters, all of whom Rotem says he knew personally. The prisoners made to carry the bodies were called "Figurenträger." The crematorium next to the cemetery. Hilberg describes how at this point in time, orders were more defined on the Eastern Front. He explains that Ukrainians also killed a few people in this village, for the smallest thing. Silent shots of the field. He took part in 45 films and became well known in Austria and Germany for his role as Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria in the Sissi trilogy and internationally … points out the difference in the two words meaning "to supervise" and "to observe," and Frau Schubert says that in one case he is responsible and in the other case he is not responsible. They discuss Jewish religious dress further, and then Lanzmann asks whether they found the Jews "harmless people or worrisome people." Yet if an outsider visited the city and inquired about the smell, the citizens would not tell them what the cause was, as it was dangerous to speak the truth.